The Internet is a network that can expand the network level. Internet in general is a collection of interconnected public network, has a hierarchical layered structure for addressing, for naming and connectivity services. At each level or layer of the hierarchy, individual network operators maintain relationships with other operators on the same level. As a result, network traffic that is destined for local or regional services does not need to traverse to a central distribution point. Common services can be duplicated in different regions, thus keeping traffic on the backbone network level is higher.
Although no government agency or organization that regulates the Internet, many of the individual network operators that provide Internet connectivity remains cooperate in following the accepted standards and protocols. Compliance with the standards established protocols enables hardware and software manufacturers to focus on improving the performance of their products, as it is known that new products can be integrated and improve existing infrastructure.
A scalable network architecture while today's highly scalable, this may not always be able to keep up with the pace of user demand. New protocols and addressing structures are being developed to meet the rate at which applications and Internet services are added.
Internet structure - a network of network
At the center of the internet, "Tier-1" ISPs provide national and international connections. These ISPs treat each other as equals.
"Tier-2" ISPs are smaller and oftern provide regional service. Tier-2 ISPs usually pay Tier-1 ISPs for connectivity to rest of the internet.
"Tier-3" ISPs are the local providers of service directly to end users. Tier-3 ISPs are usually connected to Tier 2 ISPs and pay Tier-2 providers for internet access.
The Domain Name System (DNS) provides a hierarchical directory of addresses-one server doesn't have to hold the entire list of millions of addresses.
The distributed nature of connections and directories means that communication can bypass bottlenecks and outages. Originally designed to protect against military attack, the system has also proved the best way to offer a scalable, reliable civilian network.
Peer connections between networks at the same level provide direct connections, bypassing longer routes and preventing congestion on the backbone.
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